Isolation and characterization of epiphytic, fructanolytic, homofermentative lactic acid bacteria from Agave salmiana

Abstract

Lactic acid is a chemical compound that plays important functions in various biochemical processes and has different applications in industries such as food, cosmetics, among others. Therefore, there is a constant search for this compound which can be obtained by lactic fermentation. Here a collection of Agave epiphytic lactic acid bacteria is presented with the purpose to use them for direct homo lactic fermentation of fructans, as an alternative process for silage and industrial fermentations, based on Agave plants prevalent in semi desertic lands, instead of the conventional starch crops of temperate weather. This way, abundant Agave residues can be used to support cattle and lactic acid production. A set of 260 isolates were screened in Petri dishes and test tubes for fructan homolactic fermentation. Best strains were able to transform more than 70% of a 20 g/L fructan solution in lactic acid solutionith little or negligible fermentation by-products. Analysis of 16S DNA segments allowed the identification of most productive strains belonging to genus Enterococcus, Lacticaseibacillus and Bacillus. Direct lactic acid fermentation of fructans, extracted from Agave biomass, seems to be an interesting alternative to decrease upstream expenses for industrial lactic acid production as compared to conventional glucose fermentation.

Keywords: Epiphytic bacteria, Agave salmiana, agave fructans, lactic acid.

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