REMOVAL OF WASTEWATER POLLUTANT IN ARTIFICIAL WETLANDS IMPLEMENTED IN ACTOPAN, VERACRUZ, MEXICO

 

J.L. Marín-Muñiz

 

 

Water pollution is one of the most serious ecological threats we face today. The use of biotechnologies as constructed wetlands is an ecologically and economically viable option to mitigate this situation. In this study the removal of contaminants from wastewater was evaluated with microcosms of wetlands planted with Typha spp. in Pastorías, Actopan, Veracruz, Mexico. Twelve microcosms were implemented; six with tepezyl (ST) and six with porous rock river (PPR) as substrate, from which; three were in ST with plant and as a controls, three without plant. Three microcosms with PPR with plant and three without plant. The study was conducted during the dry (March to June) and the rainy periods (July-September) 2014. No significant effect on contaminant removal was observed with respect to the type of substrate (P>0.05), nor, depending on the dray and rainy periods (P>0.05). The average removal of N-NO3, P-PO4 and BOD5 were 60.3, 55.4 and 80.1%, respectively, in wetlands with Typha spp; while in wetlands without vegetation the removals were 19.6, 18.8 and 63.6 % for N-NO3, P-PO4 and BOD5, respectively. The results reveal the use of porous river rocks and tepezyl as suitable substrates for constructed wetlands and the usefulness of Typha spp. in removing contaminants from wastewater in dry and rainy periods.