Vol. 24, No. 3 (2025), IA25566 https://doi.org/10.24275/rmiq/IA25566

Variation in the bacterial and fungal communities over a three-year period at Mexico City’s largest operational-capacity composting plant

 

Authors

L. Martínez-Montiel, F.J. Fernández, L.R. Tovar-Gálvez, G. Saucedo-Castañeda

Abstract

In Mexico City, a daily generation of 12404 t of municipal solid waste was registered in 2022. Approximately 1374 t of organic matter are received at the Bordo Poniente Composting Plant (BPCP, West Rim Composting Plant) for transformation into compost. BPCP is likely the largest composting facility in Latin America. A total of 15 samples were collected over a three-year period after its opening in 2012. The samples were then subjected to analysis to ascertain their moisture content, pH, reducing sugar content, C/N ratio, and maximum CO2 production rate. All the analyzed samples were found to meet the requisite criteria for stable compost. The polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE) method was employed to identify the bacterial and fungal communities present in the samples. The descriptive analysis revealed the presence of seven bacteria and three fungi in all the compost samples coming from the rainy and dry seasons; thereby generating basic knowledge of the microbiota composition suitable for the composting process. Additionally, some of the identified microorganisms have biotechnological potential for application in different industrial sectors. The data obtained are highly relevant and remain relevant despite the time elapsed since the sampling. They shed light on the microbial dynamics during the composting process, with a broad approach (bacteria and fungi). Most of previous studies have only focused on one of these taxonomic categories, which misses a lot of information on the complex syntrophic relationships that may occur. The complexity and size of the composting plant studied is another element of great interest.

Keywords

Bacterial and fungal communities, compost, compost stability, DGGE-PCR, nested PCR.

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